Linguistic observations of the phonetic changes in Latin names and epithets of gods

Vágási, Tünde (2026) Linguistic observations of the phonetic changes in Latin names and epithets of gods. ACTA LINGUISTICA ACADEMICA, 73 (1). pp. 194-216. ISSN 2559-8201

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Abstract

The linguistic study of the divine names in votive inscriptions has recently attracted increasing interest. In this paper, the author discusses phonetic changes in Latin names and epithets of gods using data from the Computerized Historical Linguistic Database of Latin Inscriptions of the Imperial Age. The vowel and consonant changes in votive inscriptions across the Roman Empire are in the focus and certain Vulgar Latin features and cultural influences can be identified from the corpus. The study focuses on common phonetic phenomena, such as vowel and consonant changes, monophthongization, gemination, etc. The epigraphic corpus shows various Vulgar Latin features in theonyms and epithets, which are considered linguistic, regional, and cultural factors that influenced these changes, including Celtic, Greek, and Brittonic influences. The research concludes that the observed phonetic variations reflect the dynamics of the development of Latin as well as language contact phenomena affecting it.

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